Some time ago Baltic States seemed "investment heavens” as many people think Romania it’s currently. The Latvian example is a shocking reminder that a drop in real estate values is not inevitable. The property meltdown that has befallen the Baltic over the past year did not stem from economic conditions in Europe; rather it was a serious disintegration triggered by micro and macroeconomic developments and finally political. Back in 2005, however, the real estate markets in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia looked more like investment heaven than a financial trap. All three countries boasted robust economies and low inflation rates: 1.4 per cent in Lithuania, 4.2 per cent in Latvia and 1.3 per cent in Estonia. The property boom, which had begun in 2001, had reached its peak. In 2004, the average price for residential properties in Vilnius (Lithuania's capital) was 880 euro a sq m, in Riga (Latvia's capital) 1000, and in Tallinn (Estonia's capital) 940. Just a year later, prices shot up to 2300 euro a sq m in the relatively affluent regions of Vilnius, 2700 euro in Riga and 2400 euro in Tallinn. In the centers of these picturesque cities “all of them of architectural and historic value “ prices were about 3000, 4000 and 3500 euro a sq m, respectively. Prices upward trend continued in 2005. In Lithuania, demand was slightly higher than the supply for real estate properties, while in Latvia and Estonia gap between the demand and supply was higher. Investors bought apartments, offices and commercial buildings because of rising prices and high levels of guaranteed rental income. Altogether, from 2001 to 2006, prices in all property sectors in the three Baltic countries jumped fivefold. But then, in 2007, disaster struck. Between January and July, property prices fell by 20 per cent in Latvia and ten per cent in Estonia. The Baltic real estate champion - Latvia - suffered the biggest price drop of all, becoming the first European country to be so severely affected by the global credit crisis and economic conditions. Macroeconomic conditions similar with the ones we have now in Romania have disrupted Latvia's property market. The inflation rate was already 10 per cent, meaning that entry into the euro was totally unfeasible. Because of its ineffective economic strategy, the government approval rating was the lowest since the beginning of the 1990s. Its anti-inflation policy, introduced in July, also contributed to falling real estate values. Prices dropped three per cent on the previous month. From January to October 2007, the price drop was 19 - 26 per cent. Owners in some of the new housing projects began to offer apartments for 20 - 25 per cent less than they had purchased them at from developers. The average price a sq m of residential property was 2220 euro and for standard apartments, 1700 euro a sq m. Some local experts assured investors this was just a slight correction of prices while others foresaw the beginning of a long-term slump. Easy credit Latvia's property boom coincided with strong competition between banks, substantially lowered interest rates on short term for mortgage loans, which were 4.5 per cent in 2002 and 3.5 to four per cent in 2005. The liberal bank policy led to fast and easy credit access. This, in turn, allowed many Latvians to purchase properties with non-existent money. The noose around the Latvian economy was tightening. In January 2007, a third of those who had purchased property through credit were unable to meet monthly installments as the variable interest rates went up. In June 2007, the country's official inflation rate reached 10 per cent. Prices for basic goods continued to rise against a background of stagnant salaries. Several banks responded by implementing a more conservative lending policy and soon other institutions followed. Do you think it’s similar with Romania? Buying Up This is not a strictly Eastern European phenomenon but Latvia is an excellent case in point. At the beginning of the 21st Century, Latvians with higher purchasing power exploited low real estate prices by purchasing whole blocks of flats, houses and hotels. These people gradually owned the lion’s share of the property market and kept prices at unrealistically high levels. Thus they manipulated the market, instead of leaving it to its own regulatory mechanisms. The real estate market in other Eastern Europe has started to slow down. Prices in Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Slovakia are predicted to decline also. Prices in Estonia and Lithuania will go down slowly, but in Latvia will continue plummeting. Even Latvia has been adapting successfully to the European Union the real estate crash couldn’t be avoid. Nevertheless, the Latvian example should give serious pause for thought to all property buyers who used to believe that a Romanian price collapse is inconceivable.